Migraines: More Than A Headache

AW&H
Jun 9
2 min read

Migraines are more than just a bad headache—they’re a complex neurological condition that affects over 1 billion people worldwide, making them the third most common illness globally and one of the leading causes of disability in people under 50 (World Health Organization, 2016).

Understanding migraines—what causes them, how they present, and what science-backed treatments are available—can make all the difference in managing and reducing their impact on your life.

What Are Migraines?

A migraine is a neurovascular disorder involving changes in the brain’s blood flow, electrical activity, and chemical signaling—especially involving neurotransmitters like serotonin and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP).

Common Symptoms:

Throbbing or pulsing pain (often one-sided)
Nausea or vomiting
Sensitivity to light, sound, or smell
Visual disturbances or “auras”
Fatigue or irritability before or after the attack

Migraine Phases

Migraines often follow a predictable sequence:

Prodrome: Hours or days before the migraine, symptoms like mood changes, food cravings, and fatigue may appear.
Aura (in some cases): Temporary neurological symptoms—visual disturbances, numbness, or speech difficulty.
Attack: Headache pain and associated symptoms, lasting 4–72 hours.
Postdrome: After the pain resolves, many experience exhaustion, confusion, or sensitivity.

What Causes Migraines?

🧬 Genetic Factors

About 70–80% of people with migraines have a family history. Studies show that several genes involved in pain regulation and neuronal excitability are linked to migraine susceptibility (Sutherland & Griffiths, Nat Rev Neurol, 2017).

⚖️ Hormonal Fluctuations

Estrogen plays a key role in migraine activity. Migraines are 2–3 times more common in women, and many experience worsening symptoms during menstruation, pregnancy, or perimenopause. This is called menstrual migraine and is supported by drops in estrogen levels (MacGregor et al., Headache, 2009).

🧠 CGRP and the Brain

Newer research highlights the role of CGRP, a neuropeptide that causes inflammation and dilation of blood vessels in the brain. CGRP inhibitors are now an FDA-approved treatment class for both acute and preventive migraine therapy (Dodick et al., NEJM, 2018).

🧬 Gut-Brain Connection

Studies have linked migraines with gut dysbiosis, leaky gut, and food sensitivities. Certain inflammatory foods can trigger immune responses and increase intestinal permeability, potentially contributing to neurological inflammation (Chen et al., Frontiers in Neurology, 2021).

Migraines are complex, multifactorial, and deeply individual. Fortunately, science is catching up. With root-cause analysis, evidence-based strategies, and support from both conventional and integrative medicine, you don’t have to suffer in silence. Looking for long-term migraine relief? Advanced Wellness & Health offers personalized migraine care for our patients—from advanced testing to lifestyle-based plans. Contact us here to book an appointment.